now than they were then. This paper demonstrates that competition for space--the number of students who wish to attend … to its resources and peers. In other words, students used to attend a local college regardless of their abilities and its … consequent re-sorting of students among colleges that has, at once, caused selectivity to rise in a small number of colleges …

the causal relationship by exploiting a discontinuity in eligibility requirements and find that for students on the margin …

disadvantaged neighborhoods and serve students who are substantially poorer than the average public school student in New York City …-out students. Using the lotteries to form an intention-to-treat variable, we instrument for actual enrollment and compute the …