importance of commonly cited factors, such as mother's education and age, household wealth, and child birth order. However, the …, the results for Jharkhand state in India and Barisal province in Bangladesh indicate that controlling for those commonly … cited determinants, the poorest, least-educated mothers and their children in Barisal have better health outcomes than the …

on total energy expenditure. In addition, the 10 percent decline in the population share of children in the period raised … employment surveys are used to estimate the separate components of total energy expenditure related to metabolism and physical … average total energy expenditures considerably as children have much lower metabolic requirements and activity levels than …

It has been argued that since 2014, under the BJP-led central government, welfare benefits in India have become better …

. This paper hypothesizes that cities with more working-age adults are likely to grow faster than cities with more children … ratios, that is, with more children and/or seniors per working-age adult, grow significantly slower. Such effects are … particularly pronounced for cities with high shares of children. This result appears to be driven mainly by the direct, negative …