existing paved road network is expanded significantly? We investigate this question for the case of Turkey, which undertook a …

provide a microfoundation for aggregate productivity shocks. Existing research has focused on using aggregate shocks to …

channels. First, trade raises productivity levels because producers gain access to new imported varieties. Second, increases in … that aggregates these micro gains to obtain an estimate of trade on productivity growth for each country. We find that in … the typical country in the world, new imported varieties account for 15 percent of its productivity growth. These effects …

export entry. I estimate my model on standard firm-level data and find substantial additional productivity gains from …Learning by exporting refers to the mechanism whereby firms improve their performance (productivity) after entering … export markets. Although this mechanism is often mentioned in policy documents, a significant share of econometric studies …

that export growth leads to increases firm productivity and other firm performance measures. Consistent with "earning …-by-exporting", the productivity impact of export growth is greater when firms export to more developed countries …We ask how export demand shocks associated with the Asian financial crisis affected Chinese exporters. We construct …

efficiency. First, treatment firms have higher productivity and quality after controlling for rug specifications. Second, when …

. Moreover, this negative impact is concentrated on low-productivity firms. By contrast, we find a positive effect - although …