Women are less financially literate than men. It is unclear whether this gap reflects a lack of knowledge or, rather, a … lack of confidence. Our survey experiment shows that women tend to disproportionately respond "do not know" to questions …-third of the financial literacy gender gap can be explained by women's lower confidence levels. Both financial knowledge and …

questions that measure knowledge of basic financial concepts, women are less likely than men to answer correctly and more likely … to indicate that they do not know the answer. In addition, women give themselves lower scores on financial literacy self …-assessments than men. Both young and old women show low levels of financial literacy. Moreover, women for whom financial knowledge is …