function of patent characteristics, university policy, and inventor fields in order to examine the extent to which outside …

information about cooperative licensing and the timing of patent allowances (the administrative event when patent rights are … significantly increases after patent allowance. Moreover, the impact of the patent system depends on the strategic and institutional … environment in which firms operate. Patent allowance seems to play a particularly important role for technologies with longer …

risks. We find that better appropriability in the sense of more effective patent strength and secrecy has a strong negative …

the mechanism is secured creditors exercising their control rights on collateralized patents. Creditor-driven patent sales … are more likely to be purchased by patent trolls …

It is argued by many that one of the benefits of the patent system is that it creates a property right to invention … ownership of knowledge assets might be useful in attracting finance and then survey the empirical evidence on patent ownership … up and after becoming established. Studies that attempt to separately identify the role of patent rights and the …