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, financial reforms that ended decades of financial repression, and a massive privatization program. We investigate the role … played by ideas, interests and institutions. More specifically, we examine the role played by the 'reform team' investigate …
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capture, and then protect, these rents leads to the creation of new distortions, even as the reform process tries to move … governments throughout the economy sought to capture these rents by developing high margin industries. Continued reform, and …, leading local governments to impose a variety of interregional barriers to trade. Thus, the reform process led to the …
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Starting in the late 1990s, China undertook a dramatic transformation of the large number of firms under state control. Small state-owned firms were privatized or closed. Large state-owned firms were corporatized and merged into large industrial groups under the control of the Chinese state. The...
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Recent theories of the Long Divergence between Middle Eastern and Western European economies focus on Middle Eastern (over-)reliance on religious legitimacy, use of slave soldiers, and persistence of restrictive proscriptions of religious (Islamic) law. These theories take as exogenous the...
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Does democracy promote economic development? We review recent attempts to address this question, which exploit the within-country variation associated with historical transitions in and out of democracy. The answer is positive, but depends -- in a subtle way -- on the details of democratic...
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