the announcement day return of bidding firms. The returns to bidding shareholders are lower when their firm diversifies …, when it buys a rapidly growing target , and when the performance of its managers has been poor before the acquisition …. These results are consistent with the proposition that managerial rather than shareholders' objectives drive bad …

responds more to increases in shareholders' return performance than to decreases. Further, this asymmetry is stronger when …

In this paper we examine the causal impact of competition on management quality. We analyze the hospital sector where … management quality - measured using a new survey tool - is strongly correlated with financial and clinical outcomes such as … a greater number of neighboring hospitals) is positively correlated with increased management quality, and this …

and creditors, are protected by law from expropriation by the managers and controlling shareholders of firms. We describe … suggest that there is a common element to the explanations of these differences, namely how well investors, both shareholders …