next three months. A comprehensive bank-level database reveals the public responded to signals sent by regulators' actions …

bank approval disparity is also larger in more racially biased counties. We conclude that insofar as automation by fintechs …

Bank branch density, defined as the number of bank branches to total deposits, has significantly declined over the past …

financial crisis of the 20th century - the Great Depression. Using balance-sheet and systemic risk measures at the bank level …, we build an econometric model with incidental truncation that jointly considers bank survival, the type of bank closure … (consolidations, absorption, and failures), and changes to bank risk. Despite roughly 9,000 bank closures, risk did not leave the …

widespread stress, with adverse affects on bank intermediation thereafter. We discuss the bank capital and the bank funding … conclude by discussing the increasing extension of bank credit lines to non-bank financial intermediaries, as well as the role …

This paper identifies how bank branching benefited local economies during the Great Depression. Using archival data and … narrative evidence, I show how Bank of America's branch network in 1930s California created an internal capital market to … competing banking offices. The bank's presence caused smaller city property value contractions and stronger recoveries through …

that the U.S. Postal Savings System played in commercial bank closures during the Great Depression. The system offered …