, despite sustained progress in scientific knowledge, recent productivity growth in the U.S. has been disappointing. We review … major changes in the American innovation ecosystem over the past century. The past three decades have been marked by a … growing division of labor between universities focusing on research and large corporations focusing on development. Knowledge …

knowledge is an input into internal invention, and thus, more valuable to firms with inventive capability. Using a simple model … of innovation and imitation, we explore how inventive capability affects a firm's R&D investments, and thus whether and … external knowledge as well as the supply of external inventions. In an advance over the literature, we treat firm inventive …

that the total current period (static) welfare gains of introducing a process or a product innovation are, on average …

After presenting the history, the evolution and the content of innovation surveys, we discuss the characteristics of … have been made of these data: the construction of scoreboards for monitoring innovation and the scholarly analysis of … various issue related to innovation. In particular we review the questions examined and the results obtained regarding the …

The history of innovation in the chemical industry offers many insights for accelerating energy innovation. In this … chapter, we begin by laying out the early history of the chemical industry for an overview of the role innovation has played … coal to oil, and briefly analyze two government programs that have attempted to promote innovation: synthetic rubber and …

Innovation in SMEs exhibits some peculiar features that most traditional indicators of innovation activity do not … capture. Therefore, in this paper, we develop a structural model of innovation which incorporates information on innovation … process and product innovation. Both these kinds of innovation have a positive impact on firm's productivity, especially …

presents some empirical evidence on the effects of innovation on employment growth and therefore on firms' productivity with … stemming from process innovation. The sources of employment growth during the period are split equally between the net … contribution of product innovation and the net contribution from sales growth of old products. However, the contribution of product …

This paper compares the role innovation plays in productivity across the four European countries France, Germany, Spain … and the UK using firm-level data from the internationally harmonized Community Innovation Surveys (CIS3). Despite a … still rare. We apply a structural model that describes the link between R&D expenditure, innovation output and productivity …

innovation and knowledge management and their impact on performance at the firm level for a number of countries. These studies … have been conducted using data drawn from innovation surveys combined with data from a number of other sources. The issue … illustrates the value of these surveys in improving our understanding of innovation in firms and raises a number of questions for …