This paper considers the meaning of domestic and international systemic risk. It examines scenarios that have been … adduced as creating systemic risk both within countries and among them. It distinguishes between the concepts of real and … pseudo-systemic risk. We examine the history of episodes commonly viewed either as financial crises or as evidencing systemic …

We estimate the pricing of sovereign risk for sixty countries based on fiscal space (debt/tax; deficits/tax) and other … and economically important determinants of market-based sovereign risk. Although the explanatory power of fiscal space … emergence of TED spread as a key pricing factor. However, risk-pricing of the South-West Eurozone Periphery countries is not …

for the United States but also with reference to the wider world. We establish the outlines of international integration a … century ago and analyze the institutional and informational impediments that prevented the late nineteenth century world from … achieving the same degree of integration as today. We conclude that the world today is different: commercial and financial …