scores for eight birth cohorts of Rhode Island children born between 1997 and 2005. Using these data, we show that reductions … of lead from even historically low levels have significant positive effects on children's reading test scores in third ….1 percentage points (on a baseline of 12 percent). Moreover, as we show, poor and minority children are more likely to be exposed …

parental leave from 12 to 24 months for children born on July 1, 1990 or later. We use test scores from the Austrian PISA test …

, suggesting the positive shock to disposable income provided by the subsidies may be helping to improve children's scholastic … these subsidies on children's longer run outcomes. Using a sharp discontinuity in the price of childcare in Norway, we are … this, we find significant positive effect of the subsidies on children's academic performance in junior high school …

students, and children from higher socio-economic backgrounds. The results suggest that random disturbances during high … Israeli high school students who took a series of high stakes matriculation exams between 2000 and 2002. As a source of random …

suggest that increased school resources and students' spending more time at school and on key tasks all lead to increased … strategies. The evidence also shows that a longer school week increases the time that students spend on homework without reducing …

Cash transfers to families with children are increasingly being restricted to parents who work, while families of non …-working parents are receiving a progressively larger share of their benefits in kind. This paper provides an evaluation of the … empirical evidence regarding the effects of in-kind and cash transfer program on the children who are their intended …

Italian NGO, in a poor neighborhood of Quito, Ecuador, targets parents of children from birth to age 5. It provides family …Empowering women and enhancing children's early development are two important goals that are often pursued via … same time: empowering mothers through tools that also advance their children's development. A program operated by AVSI, an …

largest for first born children. We also find that women on WIC are more likely to be diagnosed with chronic conditions, and …