the incidence of diabetes in the population of future mothers. The exposed mothers are less likely to be married, have … reflect a "scarring" vs. selection story; whites who go on to have children are negatively impacted, while blacks who go on to … have children are positively selected having survived a higher early childhood mortality rate …

children born to less educated and minority mothers are more likely to be exposed to pollution in utero and that white, college … educated mothers are particularly responsive to changes in environmental amenities. I estimate that differences in exposure to … toxic releases may explain 6% of the gap in incidence of low birth weight between infants of white college educated mothers …

large sample size, our work offers three important innovations: First, because we know the exact addresses of mothers, we … select those mothers closest to air monitors to ensure a more accurate measure of air quality. Second, since we follow … mothers over time, we control for unobserved characteristics of mothers using maternal fixed effects. Third, we examine …

In western countries, accidents are the leading cause of death and injury among children, far surpassing diseases as a … maternal employment on unintentional injuries to children vary by demographic group, with the effects being positive for blacks … winners and losers. In particular, while some children may benefit from safer environments, others that appear to be squeezed …

sizeable among children born to mothers whose closest hospital had a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, suggest- ing that insurance … coverage under the Medicaid program over this period. Among teen mothers and high school dropouts, who were largely uninsured …