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The Government Patent Register : A New Resource for Measuring U.S. Government-Funded Patenting

Gross, Daniel P.; Sampat, Bhaven N. - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2024

We introduce new historical administrative data identifying U.S. government-funded patents since the early twentieth century. In addition to the funding agency, the data report whether the government has title to the patent ("title" patents) or funded a patent assigned to a private organization...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014486228

Crisis Innovation Policy from World War II to COVID-19

Gross, Daniel P.; Sampat, Bhaven N. - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2021

Innovation policy can be a crucial component of governments' responses to crises. Because speed is a paramount … objective, crisis innovation may also require different policy tools than innovation policy in non-crisis times, raising … distinct questions and tradeoffs. In this paper, we survey the U.S. policy response to two crises where innovation was crucial …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012585399

Organizational Frictions and Increasing Returns to Automation : Lessons from AT&T in the Twentieth Century

Feigenbaum, James J.; Gross, Daniel P. - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2021

AT&T was the largest U.S. firm for most of the 20th century. Telephone operators once comprised over 50% of its workforce, but in the late 1910s it initiated a decades-long process of automating telephone operation with mechanical call switching--a technology first invented in the 1880s. We...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012794608

Creativity Under Fire : The Effects of Competition on Creative Production

Gross, Daniel P. - 2018

Though fundamental to innovation and essential to many industries and occupations, individual creativity has received … for the management of creative workers and for the implementation of competitive procurement mechanisms for innovation …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012480710

Organizing Crisis Innovation : Lessons from World War II

Gross, Daniel P. - 2020

World War II innovation model in other crises. In this essay we describe exactly how it worked. We do so first through a … general overview of how OSRD approached several questions that may confront any crisis innovation effort: priority setting … innovation policy different, how crisis innovation policy approaches may vary, and the limits to generalizing from World War II …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012482128

Automation and the Fate of Young Workers : Evidence from Telephone Operation in the Early 20th Century

Feigenbaum, James - 2020

most of these jobs, it did not affect future cohorts' overall employment: the decline in demand for operators was …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012482280

The Economics of Crisis Innovation Policy : A Historical Perspective

Gross, Daniel P.; Sampat, Bhaven N. - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2021

-produced penicillin, antimalarials, and a flu vaccine. We draw on this episode to discuss the economics of crisis innovation. Since the …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012482553

Innovators : Filmmakers

Galenson, David W. - 2010

John Ford and Alfred Hitchcock were experimental filmmakers: both believed images were more important to movies than words, and considered movies a form of entertainment. Their styles developed gradually over long careers, and both made the films that are generally considered their greatest...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012462721

Innovators : Architects

Galenson, David W. - 2010

Frank Lloyd Wright, Le Corbusier, and Frank Gehry were experimental architects: all worked visually, and arrived at their designs by discovering forms as they sketched. Their styles evolved gradually over long periods, and all three produced the buildings that are generally considered their...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012462990

Wisdom and Creativity in Old Age : Lessons from the Impressionists

Galenson, David W. - 2007

Psychologists have not considered wisdom and creativity to be closely associated. This reflects their failure to recognize that creativity is not exclusively the result of bold discoveries by young conceptual innovators. Important advances can equally be made by older, experimental innovators....

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012465463