Evidence on the "funding gap" for investment innovation is surveyed. The focus is on financial market reasons for …

between appropriability mechanisms, innovation and firm-level productivity. We enrich this model in several ways. First, we … consider different types of innovation spending and study the differences in estimates when innovation spending (rather than R …&D spending) is used to predict innovation in the CDM model. Second, we assume that a firm simultaneously innovates and chooses …

innovative performance measured as turnover due to innovation, but not between patenting and subsequent employment growth. The …

We analyze how expropriation risk reduces incentives for innovation and reallocates resources from the innovative … risk, such as corruption, negatively impacts innovation by reducing R&D expenditure, human capital in R&D, number of … highlight the detrimental effects of expropriation risk on innovation and economic development at the country level …