Starting in 1985, Colombia experienced gradual trade liberalization that culminated in the drastic tariff reductions of … 1990-91. This paper exploits these trade reforms to investigate the relationship between protection and wages. The focus of … Colombia exhibit remarkably less persistence over time than U.S. wage premiums. Similarly, measures of trade protection are …

forms of trade frictions (e.g., transportation, information and communication costs). Implicit in this development is the …The last two decades have witnessed a shift in the focus of international trade research from trade policy to other … widespread view that trade policy no longer matters. We confront this view by critically examining a large body of evidence on …

We review the empirical evidence on the relationship between Trade Liberalization, Inequality, and Poverty based on the … analysis of micro data from several developing countries that underwent significant trade reforms in recent years. Despite many … studies' has established certain patterns that seem common across countries and trade liberalization episodes, and may hence …

We explore the relationship between greater exposure to trade (as measured by openness) and child labor in a cross … countries that trade more have less child labor. At the cross-country means, the data suggest an openness elasticity of child …. When we control for the endogeneity of trade and for cross-country income differences, the openness elasticity of child …

also discusses perceptions about international trade in over 40 countries at different levels of development, including …This paper assesses the current state of evidence on how international trade shapes inequality and poverty through its … perceptions on trade's overall benefits for the economy, trade's effect on the livelihood of workers through wages and jobs, and …

We study the effects of a positive export shock on labor allocation between the informal, microenterprise sector and … the formal firm sector in a low-income country. The U.S.-Vietnam Bilateral Trade Agreement led to large reductions in U … and formal sectors. This gap and the aggregate labor productivity gain from the export-induced reallocation of workers …