measured as the value of private loans issued at the Bank of England. For the wider panel of countries and more recent data, we …

that centers on the existence of an increasingly efficient market for bank shares. The stock market was important because …

database linked to a census of banking. These data indicate that those counties that already had a bank were more likely to see …

We investigate the relationships of bank failures and balance sheet conditions with measures of proximity to different … forms of transportation in the United States over the period from 1830-1860. A series of hazard models and bank …. Specifically, railroads facilitated better information flows about banks that led to modifications in bank asset composition …