This paper uses a new database to establish a key finding: high tariffs were associated with fast growth before World … controlling for novel measures of the changing world economic environment. Rejecting alternative explanations based on changing … head in a world environment characterized by a moderately higher level of generalized tariff protection. We confirm the …

The world has seen two globalization booms over the past two centuries, and one bust. The first global century ended … with World War I and the second started at the end of World War II, while the years in between were ones of anti … globalization on commodity price structure, the causes of protection, the impact of world migration on poverty eradication, and the …

starts by exploring the disadvantages associated with geographic isolation from world markets and the transport revolutions … fostered trade, policy suppressed it: tariff rates were higher in Latin America than almost anywhere else in the world between … World War I, while it fell thereafter. The correlation between globalization and inequality is likely to have been causal …

Despite an enormous literature that has analyzed the comparative experiences of Latin America and Asia in post-World … the two regions' tariffs before 1914; differences in the extent and structure of internal markets as well as the world …

in the developed world increased tenfold, from about 50,000 per annum to half a million over the same period. Governments … World and avoiding floods of unwanted asylum seekers arriving on the doorsteps of the First World. This is an issue that is …

World War I to the quotas and bans introduced afterwards was the result of a combination of factors: public hostility …

reports a set of world tariff facts for the 150 years between 1789 and 1938 that have not been well appreciated. First, tariff … industrially-lagging Europe, and more steeply even in Asia. Furthermore, after world tariff rates rose between 1865 and 1900, they … world tariff facts come from two sources: Stolper-Samuelson -- scarce factors should lobby for protection when exposed to …

the precipitous decline in nominal freight rates before the World War I, but it also extends the series to the 1940s …. Furthermore, our new series is linked to the post-World War II era (documented by David Hummels), so that we can be more precise …