"Using a comprehensive database of firms in Western and Eastern Europe, we study how the business environment in a …

Inequalities in life expectancy are starker in the U.S. than in Europe. In 1990 White Americans and Europeans in rich … comparison with Europe suggests that mortality rates of both Black and White Americans could fall much further across all ages …

Europe's protracted political fragmentation. We build a dynamic model with granular geographical information in terms of …'s recurring political unification and Europe's persistent political fragmentation. The existence of a core region of high land …

opportunities to access elite status than Premodern Europe, for example via the civil service exam and the absence of hereditary … differences in the power structure of society: (1) the Ruler enjoyed weaker absolute power in Europe; (2) the People were more on … differences between Imperial China and Premodern Europe, as well as specific institutions such as the bureaucracy in China and the …

stabilizers in Eastern and Southern Europe are much lower than in Central and Northern European countries. We also investigate …

Many low skilled jobs have been substituted away for machines in Europe, or eliminated, much more so than in the US …, while technological progress at the "top", i.e. at the high-tech sector, is faster in the US than in Europe. This paper … suggests that the main difference between Europe and the US in this respect is their different labor market policies. European …