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Instrumental variables (IV) are a common means to identify treatment effects. But standard IV methods do not allow us to unpack the complex treatment effects that arise when a treatment and its outcome together cause a second outcome of interest. For example, IV methods have been used to show...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012455472
Over the last twenty years the wage-education relationships in the US and Germany have evolved very differently, while … files from the PSID (US) and the GSOEP (Germany), we demonstrate how factor movements within these countries are associated … capital over the 1979-96 period, while Germany accumulated factors in a more balanced manner …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012471064
-wage services in the US and Germany. We find a clear low-wage service jobs deficit' in Germany but this is not due to excessively …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012471159
Germany's more compressed wage structure is taken by many analysts as the main cause of the German-US difference in job … creation. We find that the US has a more dispersed level of skills than Germany but even adjusted for skills, Germany has a …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012471160
We investigate the Expectations Hypotheses of the term structure of interest rates and of the foreign exchange market using vector autoregressive methods for the U.S. dollar, Deutsche mark, and British pound interest rates and exchange rates. In addition to standard Wald tests, we formulate...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012471161
Based on explicit present value calculations, the paper criticizes the view that the PAYGO system wastes economic resources. In present value terms, there is nothing to be gained from a transition to funded system even though the latter offers a permanently higher rate of return. The sum of the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012471177
A political miracle occurred when Germany was reunited, and at first glance an economic miracle has followed. Real … west Germany. Excessively high wages coupled with investment incentives that made the cost of capital negative rank high …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012471183
In 1997 GDP per capita in East Germany was 57% of that of West Germany, wage rates were 75% of western levels, and the … bring convergence, labor flows would respond, enhancing overall efficiency. Yet net emigration from East Germany has fallen … from high levels in 1989-1990 to close to zero. Using state-level data for all of Germany, available from 1991-1996, I am …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012471211
Greater job creation in the US than in Germany has often been related to greater wage dispersion coupled with less … jobs problem in Germany is one of a general lack in demand for labor …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012471302
This paper is a recap of G3 exchange rate relationships since the collapse of Bretton Woods and an analysis of recent proposals for changing the way the G3 countries currently conduct exchange rate policy. We seek to understand these proposals in the context of the status quo monetary policies...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012471348