damage of emissions. This formula, which holds under quite plausible assumptions, reveals that the damage is proportional to …

Rossi-Hansberg (2021) to measure the local social monetary cost of CO2 emissions: the Local Social Cost of Carbon (LSCC …

reductions of CO2 emissions cost-effectively in the United States. There is less agreement, however, among economists and others …

-level based on emissions or energy intensity and a measure of import penetration. Dynamic updating of permit allocations has the … potential to mitigate adverse competitiveness impacts and emissions leakage in eligible industries. It can also undermine the … cost-effectiveness of permit market outcomes, as more of the mandated emissions reductions must then be achieved by sources …

ante distortions due to the anticipation of transition relief (such as by receiving more free permits for greater emissions …

gases, especially through emission trading. Climate policies present the novel problem of integrating emissions reductions … that are relatively easy to monitor (such as carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels) with those that may be very … difficult to monitor (such as some emissions of other greenhouse gases). The paper documents the heterogeneity in monitoring …