have smaller welfare-state programs and less corruption. Other results present puzzles for future research: the adjustment …

literature: corruption may affect a country's composition of capital inflows in a way that makes it more likely to experience a …

Is corruption systematically related to electoral rules? A number of studies have tried to uncover economic and social … determinants of corruption but, as far as we know, nobody has yet empirically investigated how electoral systems ináuence … corruption. We try to address this lacuna in the literature, by relating corruption to dierent features of the electoral system …

This paper offers a new interpretation of the connection between openness and good governance. Assuming that corruption … open economy' as determined by its size and geography would devote more resources to building good institutions and would … display lower corruption in equilibrium. In data, naturally more open economies' do exhibit less corruption even after taking …

Corruption and imperfect contract enforcement dramatically reduce trade. This paper estimates the reduction, using a …

nor Japanese investors treat corruption in East Asia any differently from that in other parts of the world. There are …This paper studies the effect of corruption on foreign direct investment. The sample covers bilateral investment from … the tax rate on multinational firms or the corruption level in a host country reduces inward foreign direct investment …

This paper presents two propositions about corruption. First, the structure of government institutions and the … political process are a very important determinant of the level of corruption. In particular, weak governments which do not … control their agencies would lead to ultra-high corruption levels. Second, the illegality of corruption and the need for …

are desperate, vulnerable, or demanding services particularly prone to corruption. The effect is strongest for bribery of …

This paper utilizes a micro-level data set from 49 countries to address three issues: What determines corruption at the … individual level? What determines the perception of the extent of corruption in the country? Does corruption have a direct impact … corruption which portrays the extent of corruption as revealed byindividuals who live in those countries. The results show that …