of the observed average tax rate and the standard deviation of rates. In 2020, the mean world corporate tax rate was 25 ….9%, and the standard deviation 4.5%, so if there is an efficient harmonized world tax rate, it must be 30.4% or higher …

restate bilateral investment positions to better reflect the true financial linkages connecting countries around the world. We … nearly 600 billion dollars, while China's official net creditor position to the rest of the world is overstated by about 50 …

tax havens and the world's other countries, we estimate that close to 40% of multinational profits are shifted to low …

thereby stimulate economic activity. Major tax havens have less than one percent of the world's population (outside the United … States), and 2.3 percent of world GDP, but host 5.7 percent of the foreign employment and 8.4 percent of foreign property ….3 percent between 1982 and 1999, which compares favorably to the world average of 1.4 percent. Tax haven governments appear to …