Single women in the U.S. dominated the female labor force from 1870 to 1920. Data on the home life and working … conditions of women in 1888 and 1907 enable the estimation of earnings functions. Work in the manufacturing sector for these … women was task oriented and payment was frequently by the piece. Earnings rose steeply with experience and peaked early …

. Training is potentially important in compensating for the effects of children, especially for women who left education after …

How have women fared in unions in recent years? The major findings of this paper are that unions have been more … beneficial for women in the public sector than in the private sector, and that unionism for women is primarily a public sector … wriite collar phenomenon distinguished from that of males. According to our analysis:(1) Women have come to be an …

discrimination than do nonunion plants against black or Hispanic men, or against black or white women, despite ther ecessions of the …

Women enter retirement having spent fewer years in market work, earned less over their lifetimes, and worked in … many women end up with lower levels of retirement income in old age. We use the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), which … largely between nonmarried men and women. Multivariate models show that 85 percent of this retirement income gap can be …

particular implications for women's time use. In this paper, we document that current patterns of female time use in home … about women's time use in Africa. First, in North Africa, women spend very few hours in market work and female labor force … participation overall is extremely low. Second, although extensive margin participation of women is high in sub-Saharan Africa …