employment, average hours worked, physical capital accumulation and, most importantly, total factor productivity and its skill … existence of communities of immigrants before 1960, as instruments. We find no evidence that immigrants crowded-out employment …-biased technology as the theory of directed technologial change would predict. Combining these effects, an increase in employment in a …

labor market, looking at both wage and employment effects. Using the Regional File of the IAB Employment Subsample for the … employment levels. It had instead adverse employment and wage effects on previous waves of immigrants. This stems from the fact …

whether the inflow of immigrants in the period 1996-2007 decreased employment rates and/or if it altered the occupational …

increased their employment within 20 minutes of commuting time from the border by four to five percentage points. The increased …, we find increases in wages, employment and firm-creation, especially in high-skilled manufacturing and knowledge …

employment-population ratio of natives to test for crowding out at the national level. Third, we analyze occupational upgrading … calculate a positive employment rate effect for most native workers. Even simulations for the most recent 2019-2022 period … suggest small positive effects on wages of non-college natives and no significant crowding out effects on employment …

lackluster, like Japan, have done surprisingly well in terms of GDP growth per working-age adult. Indeed, from 1998 to 2019 …, Japan has grown slightly faster than the U.S. in terms of per working-age adult: an accumulated 31.9% vs. 29.5%. Furthermore …

Within Japanese multinational firms, parent exports from Japan to a foreign region are positively related to production … in that region by affiliates of that parent, given the parent's home production in Japan and the region's size and income …, Japanese firms resembled U.S. multinationals. A Japanese parent's employment, given the level of its production, tends to be …

A dynamic model of the demographic structure of Japan is summarized. It is capable of tracing the dynamic development … Japan will increase slightly in the immediate future as the number of children per family declines sharply, and then fall …, unless some major changes in Japanese saving behavior take place, our analysis suggests that Japan will have an unusually …

possibility of hysteresis in trade. For Japan, we find significant effects of movements in the yen on employment and output in the … employment and output in fabricated metal products, general machinery, and electrical machinery. The results for Japan are not as … Japanese industry, and have effects on employment and output in sectors producing tradeable goods. This paper presents …