Using detailed data on biotechnology in Japan, we find that identifiable collaborations" between particular university … star scientists and firms have a large positive impact on firms'" research productivity, increasing the average firm …" in the firm's labs. As a result, star collaborations in Japan are less localized around their research" universities so …

implementation perspective, such policies rely on public disclosure of government support for research. In this paper, we highlight … corrects for these problems. Our corrected measures suggest that under-reporting of public research support is less of an issue …

, organization, research and innovation, we attempt to explain the rise of corporate research. We argue that it was driven by … laboratories, hired trained scientists, and embarked upon basic research of the kind we would associate today with academic … companies trying to take advantage of opportunities for innovation made possible by scientific advances and an underdeveloped …

Scientific knowledge is believed to be the wellspring of innovation. Historically, firms have also invested in research … to fuel innovation and growth. In this paper, we document a shift away from scientific research by large corporations … also find that the value attributable to scientific research has dropped, whereas the value attributable to technical …

This chapter reviews academic research on the connections between agglomeration and innovation. We first describe the … conceptual distinctions between invention and innovation. We then describe how these factors are frequently measured in the data …, industrial diversity) that theoretical and empirical work link to innovation, and we discuss factors that help sustain these …

The biotechnology industry has been an engine of innovation for the U.S. healthcare system and, more generally, the U …. Specifically, we use Compustat and Center for Research in Securities Prices (CRSP) data from 1982 to 2005 for firms defined by the … North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as biotechnology firms to estimate several Fama-French three factor …

We analyze how variations in contractibility affect the design of contracts in the context of biotechnology research … agreements. A major concern of firms financing biotechnology research is that the R&D firms might use the funding to subsidize … that allows for researchers in the R&D firms to pursue multiple projects. When research activities are non-verifiable, we …

which are threatened by persistent low performance. While all incumbent firms lagged the dedicated new biotechnology firms …

This paper is a case study of the transformation in research methods which occurred in a large U.S. pharmaceutical firm … profound, biotechnology applications in this large incumbent firm are more likely to be combined with other techno- logies than … in the new biotechnology firms (NBFs) which use biotechnology for both discovery and production of new therapeutic …

relating to patenting, robust conclusions regarding the empirical consequences for technological innovation of changes in … patent policy are few. Possible reasons for these limited results are discussed, and possible avenues for future research are …