process of interstate bank deregulation that lowered barriers to competition across U.S. states over the 1980s and 1990s with … facing each individual bank. We find that regulatory-induced competition reduced liquidity creation. Consistent with some …

"Policymakers and economists disagree about the impact of bank regulations on the distribution of income. Exploiting … States intensified, ameliorated, or had no effect on income distribution. We find that branch deregulation lowered income … inequality. Deregulation lowered income inequality by affecting labor market conditions, not by boosting the business income of …

Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of 1980. It tracks inflation-induced secular declines in the value of S …

timing of bank deregulation, we evaluate the impact of liberalizing intrastate branching restrictions on the distribution of … branching, which intensified bank competition and improved efficiency. Exploiting the cross-state, cross-time variation in the … income. We find that branch deregulation significantly reduced income inequality by boosting the incomes of lower income …

1820s. Nonetheless, Massachusetts did not open access easily. This paper documents that until 1812, bank charters were only … of the Federalist bank. The paper documents the close association of politicians and bankers. Before 1811, close to three …

the ownership structure of Mexico's banks. For instance, while in 1991 only one percent of bank assets in Mexico were … been as rapid or as far-reaching as in Mexico. In this work we examine some of the important implications of foreign bank … fact, two distinct conceptual frameworks through which one can assess the impact of foreign bank entry. One is concerned …

fees, foreign fees and surcharges applied to transactions by customers at other than an own-bank ATM. Surcharging raises … typically not possible between a bank and a non-bank. A high cost of teller transactions modifies the tendency towards high ATM …

In a typical bank credit card transaction, the merchant's bank pays an interchange fee, collectively determined by all … participating banks, to the cardholder's bank. This paper shows how the interchange fee balances charges between cardholders and …, which do not need interchange fees to balance charges, over the cooperative bank card systems …