components to entrepreneurship - "opportunity" and "necessity" - the latter of which is mostly counter-cyclical. Although there … is some agreement on the conceptual distinction between these two factors driving entrepreneurship, there is little … opportunity versus necessity entrepreneurship based on the entrepreneur's prior work status (i.e. based on previous unemployment …

This study examines gender differences in the social impact and commercial motives for academic entrepreneurship using … the National Science Foundation's Innovation Corps (NSF I-Corps) program. I-Corps provides experiential entrepreneurship … are more interested in pursuing commercialization and entrepreneurship activities when they are tackling societal problems …

This paper analyzes how institutional differences affect university entrepreneurship. We focus on ownership of faculty … commercialization; entrepreneurship or licenses to established firms, as well as on probabilities of successful commercialization. We … find that the US system is less conducive to entrepreneurship than the Swedish system if established firms have some …

, Germany, and Italian participating firms, I first document that these companies claimed between 5 and 10% yearly productivity …