employment is the efficient unemployment rate, u*. We define u* as the unemployment rate that minimizes the nonproductive use of …Most governments are mandated to maintain their economies at full employment. We propose that the best marker of full …). Accordingly, the efficient unemployment rate is the geometric average of the unemployment and vacancy rates: u* = √uv. We compute …

-wage jobs in higher-earning industries and occupations not just by raising employment. Training in transferable and certifiable … skills (likely under-provided from poaching concerns) and reductions of employment barriers to high-wage sectors for non …

This paper first documents trends in employment rates and then reviews what is known about the various factors that … have been proposed to explain the decline in the overall employment-to-population ratio between 1999 and 2016. Population … aging has had a notable effect on the overall employment rate over this period, but within-age-group declines in employment …

The decline in the employment-population ratios for men and women over the period 2000-2007 prior to the Great … Recession represents an historic turnaround in the evolution of U.S. employment. The decline is disproportionately concentrated … experienced quite different wage and employment trends. Neither taxes nor transfers appear likely to explain the employment …

Even before the Great Recession, U.S. employment growth was unimpressive. Between 2000 and 2007, the economy gave back … the considerable gains in employment rates it had achieved during the 1990s, with major contractions in manufacturing … employment being a prime contributor to the slump. The U.S. employment "sag" of the 2000s is widely recognized but poorly …

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Federal Pandemic Unemployment Compensation (FPUC) increased US unemployment benefits … benefits, which supports our identification assumption. First, we find that a 10% increase in unemployment benefits caused a 3 … were unusually scarce. Our results also help explain prior findings that FPUC did not decrease employment …

of unemployment. It is this body of work we assess in this paper. We reach two main conclusions. First, there has been … think for example about the relation between technological progrss and unemployment. Second, empirical knowledge lags behind … countries. We look at two issues, the relation of wages to unemployment, and the risk of European unemployment …

Disappointing recent growth rates, the emergence of structurally unfavorable income and employment conditions, and …

Affirmative Action is not only supposed to help move minorities and females into employment, it is also supposed to …. Using disaggregated employment data in a new sample of nearly 10,000 establishments,this study finds that Affirmative Action … was generally successful during the late 1910's in increasing minority employment in skilled white-collar occupations as …