In a rare example of an explicit national goal for income distribution besides reducing poverty, China's leadership has … the potential trade-offs, the paper asks whether China's experience indicates that income-polarization was a by-product of … polarizing in China …

convergence among the provinces of China during the period 1952-1993. We find that real income convergence of provinces in China … coastal and interior provinces, rather than increase in variance within each other. Therefore, it seems that China is now on a …

development zones on firm level TFP in China. The difference-in-difference estimator shows that on average, loss of development … three major seaports in China, closure of zones reduced firm-level TFP by 9.62%, whereas closure of zones farther away did … locational heterogeneity. We conclude that China's strategy of using development zones as a place-based policy to encourage …