The pace of biodiversity loss requires drastic shifts in conservation efforts that carry substantial costs. We … initiative launched by the Chinese central government in 2017 to enforce biodiversity preservation rules in national nature … reserves. We document that, while improving local biodiversity, the initiative led to a significant increase in bond yields for …

because of the potential for sequestering carbon by paying to prevent deforestation and degradation of forest lands. We …

The world has pledged to protect 30 percent of its land and waters by 2030 to halt the rapid deterioration of critical … summarize empirical evidence across multiple regions of the world. In most cases, protection has had at most a modest impact on … forest cover, with stronger effects in areas that face pressure of economic development. We then identify several open areas …

spatially disaggregated data, we estimate a supply curve for forest-based atmospheric CO₂ removal. The supply curve traces out … data could be extended to the entire world …