documenting three facts using population tax records for children born in the 1980s. First, gender gaps in employment rates … gap in employment rates is reversed for children growing up in poor families: boys in families in the bottom quintile of … employment to crime. Together, these findings demonstrate that gender gaps in adulthood have roots in childhood, perhaps because …

employment discrimination against U.S. women. For the next 15 years, the gender gap in median earnings among full-time, full … little evidence of short-term changes in women's employment, but some results suggest that firms reduced their hiring and …