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An Industry-Adjusted Index of State Environmental Compliance Costs

Levinson, Arik - 1999

This paper describes a new, industry-adjusted index of state environmental compliance costs from 1977 to 1994. The … index has two principal advantages: it controls for states' industrial compositions, and it can be calculated for 17 years … and 1994. Third, this cost index is negatively correlated with subjective indices of state environmental efforts compiled …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012471487

Environmental Compliance Costs and Foreign Direct Investment Inflows to U.S. States

Keller, Wolfgang - 1999

This paper estimates the extent to which changing environmental standards have altered patterns of international investment. Our analysis goes beyond the existing literature in three ways. First, we avoid comparing regulations in different countries by using data on inward foreign direct...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012471415

Combating Cross-Border Externalities

Shiyi, Chen; Zivin, Joshua S. Graff; Wang, Huanhuan; … - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2022

This paper investigates the impact of a pioneering pollution reduction program, the Ecological Compensation Initiative (ECI) in China, which establishes side payments between upstream and downstream provinces along the same river. The program includes both Coasian and pay-for-performance...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013334450

How Tax Complexity and Enforcement Affect the Equity and Efficiency of The Income Tax

Kaplow, Louis - 1995

Much criticism of the income tax involves administration: the enormous complexity of the system is responsible for large compliance costs, public and private, and the tax gap is large despite substantial resources devoted to enforcement. The desire for simplification and improved compliance...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012473476

Accuracy, Complexity, and the Income Tax

Kaplow, Louis - 1994

The complexity of the income tax is an unending source of complaint. Compliance costs have received increasing attention and are estimated to be large. Yet most recognize that some degree of complexity is necessary if ability to pay is to be measured accurately. This article presents a framework...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012474303

The Compliance Cost of Itemizing Deductions : Evidence from Individual Tax Returns

Pitt, Mark M. - 1988

The resource cost of operating the income tax system is large, totaling as much as seven to eight percent of revenue raised. One source of this cost is the system of itemized deductions, which can require extensive record keeping and calculation. This paper estimates the resource cost of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012476540

Labor Market Frictions as a Source of Comparative Advantage, with Implications for Unemployment and Inequality

Helpman, Elhanan - 2010

Recent research has emphasized firm heterogeneity as a source of comparative advantage. Combining this approach with labor market frictions and worker heterogeneity provides a framework for studying the impact of trade on unemployment and inequality. This paper reviews this approach and reports...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012462891

The Home Market, Trade, and Industrial Structure

Davis, Donald R. - 1997

Does national market size matter for industrial structure? This has been suggested by theoretical work on home market' effects, as in Krugman (1980, 1995). In this paper, I show that what previously was regarded as an assumption of convenience - transport costs only for the differentiated goods...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012472738

Artificial States

Alesina, Alberto - 2006

Artificial states are those in which political borders do not coincide with a division of nationalities desired by the people on the ground. We propose and compute for all countries in the world two new measures how artificial states are. One is based on measuring how borders split ethnic groups...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012466337

Explaining Home Bias in Consumption : The Role of Intermediate Input Trade

Hillberry, Russell - 2002

We show that 'home bias' in trade patterns will arise endogenously due to the co-location decisions of intermediate and final goods producers. Our model identifies four implications of home bias arising out of specialized industrial demands. Regions absorb different bundles of goods. Buyers and...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012469693

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