arise when monitoring corruption is difficult relative to monitoring the provision of public services, and politically …-important groups of citizens do not bear the full cost of corruption. The existence of such systems can distort the effective incidence … of the tax burden, reduce the incentives of government to fight corruption, and legitimize bribe-taking …

bureaucracy in place of political appointees as an important component of the institutional environment in which private … corruption of their subordinates as a byproduct of their efforts to implement their preferences using tax revenue. Within this …

We examine the correlation between gender and bureaucratic corruption using two distinct datasets, one from Italy and a … second from China. In each case, we find that women are far less likely to be investigated for corruption than men. In our … Italian data, female procurement officials are 34 percent less likely than men to be investigated for corruption by …

Corruption is a widespread phenomenon in many developing and transitional economies. China is a country in profile both … in the prevalence of corruption, and in its attempts to root out corruption. The recent anti-corruption campaign in China …. It has had lasting impact on the functioning of the Chinese bureaucracy, and on the behavior of firms and consumers. It …

Bureaucratic quality in terms of the level of corruption varies widely across countries, and is in general slow to …. In this paper, we study the possibility that quality of bureaucracy may be an important structural determinant of open … that delivers such a result. Bureaucratic corruption translates into reduced ability by the government to collect tax …