-specific policies introduced by competing risks of mortality. The incentive to invest in prevention against one cause of death depends … than the direct medical reduction in mortality: it affects the incentives to fight other diseases so the overall reduction … in mortality will, in general, be larger than that predicted by the direct medical effects. We discuss evidence of these …

Vaccination is a critical tool, along with suppression and treatment, for controlling epidemics such as SARS-CoV-2. To … maximize the impact of vaccination, doses should be allocated to the highest value targets, accounting for health and potential … vaccination using novel, local seroprevalence data from India. Second, we estimate the value of statistical life-years using …

effective in 2016. Employing a unique dataset of county-level vaccination and exemption rates at Kindergarten entry, we exploit … coverage for school-mandated vaccines. Relative to a diverse group of control states, our findings indicate that vaccination … exemptions in California was only partially effective in improving vaccination coverage, and may have led parents to substitute …

vaccination by experimentally varying race concordance between sender and receiver, and, among Black respondents, a discordant … with no vaccination experience …

Childhood vaccinations are an important input to disease prevention, but vaccination rates have declined over the last … impact. Anecdotal evidence on disease outbreaks suggests that they may prompt vaccination behavior. I use newly compiled data … vaccination rate increases among children at school entry following an outbreak in the year prior. A large outbreak in the county …

excess mortality data. Contrasting countries' rankings using these two data sources reveal sharp and systematic differences …. While higher GDP per capita is associated with a worse mortality ranking when using official Covid-19 mortality, there is no … such sharp association when using excess mortality data. By the end of 2021, the quartile rankings of three-fifths of the …

Vaccination rates have a statistically significant downward effect on the Covid-19 death rate across US counties, as of … Biden-Trump vote in the 2020 election as an instrument for vaccination rates raises the magnitude of the estimate …

Rates of COVID deaths and cases differ markedly across U.S. states, as do rates of vaccination. This study uses cross …-sectional regressions arise, including omitted variables, behavioral responses to vaccination, and reverse causation. The benefits from a … along these lines reveal sizable negative effects of vaccination on deaths and cases up to early December 2021, although …