location, which has been taken as evidence of geographically localized knowledge spillovers. In this study, we find that patent …It is well known that patent citations occur disproportionately between patents issued to inventors living in the same … citations also occur disproportionately often in locations where the cited inventor was living prior to being issued the patent …

technological information. FDI is an alternate, potentially equally important channel for the mediation of such knowledge spillovers …. I introduce a framework for measuring international knowledge spillovers at the firm level, and I use this framework to … directly test the hypothesis that FDI is a channel of knowledge spillovers for Japanese multinationals undertaking direct …

Using application-level data from the Patent Office from 2001 to 2012, merged with personnel data on patent examiners …, we explore the extent to which the key decision of examiners--whether to allow a patent--is shaped by the granting styles … grant rate of her peer group, an examiner in her first two years at the Patent Office will experience a 0.15 standard …

The paper explores the role of institutional mechanisms in generating technological knowledge spillovers. The … estimation is over panel datasets of patent grants, and unpatented innovations that were submitted for prizes at the annual … and unpatented innovations, whereas prizes are less effective in generating external benefits from knowledge spillovers. I …

Are scientific knowledge flows embodied in individuals, or "in the air"? To answer this question, we measure the effect … departure. In contrast, article-to-patent citations, and especially patent-to-patent citations, decline at the origin location … suggest that, to be realized, knowledge flows to industry may require more face-to-face interaction than those to academics …

Labor mobility is often considered to be an important source of knowledge externalities, making it difficult for firms … to appropriate returns to R&D investments. In this paper, I argue that inter-firm transfers of knowledge embodied in … set, I find that the technical staff in R&D-intensive firms pays for the knowledge they accumulate on the job through …

harmonization in equalizing income levels of countries that start off from different initial income positions. Knowledge spillovers … for the internalization of knowledge spillovers may or may not be necessary. These considerations constitute the basis for …