activities that require the processing of soft information. We explore this idea in the context of bank lending to small firms … records. Moreover, controlling for the endogeneity of bank-firm matching, large banks lend at a greater distance, interact …

paper investigates whether bank ties in Japan were costly for mature and healthy firms in the 1980's and 1990's, and whether … banks continued to facilitate investment once non-bank financing options became available. Using the explicit bond issuing … much larger for main bank client firms, once bond market access is controlled for. This result, coupled with results on the …

In this paper, I show that Japan will not be able to have a viable banking sector without stopping deflation. The …

aggregate loan movements in Japan for the period 1990 to 2010 into bank, firm, industry, and common shocks. The high degree of … separate firm-borrowing shocks from bank-supply shocks using a vast sample of matched bank-firm lending data. We decompose … role for granular shocks as in Gabaix (2011). We show that idiosyncratic granular bank-supply shocks explain 30-40 percent …

Large bank holding companies (BHCs) are structured into intricate ownership hierarchies involving hundreds or even …

studying bank-specific data on lending by domestically- and foreign-owned banks in Argentina and Mexico. We find that foreign …. Overall, these findings suggest that bank health, and not ownership per se, is the critical element in the growth, volatility …, and cyclicality of bank credit. Diversity in ownership appears to contribute to greater stability of credit in times of …

We test three hypotheses regarding changes in supervisory toughness' and their effects on bank lending. The data …, affected bank lending. However, all of the measured effects are small, with 1% or less of loans receiving harsher or easier … classification, about 3% of banks receiving better or worse CAMEL ratings, and bank lending being changed by 1% or less of assets …

since the mid-1930s when banks invented the term loan. Concurrently, bank innovation first involved the invention of credit … analysis and covenant design. Later, bank innovation included the advent of loan sales, increased loan syndications, the … calibrate a model of bank innovation to determine the quantitative contribution of bank innovation to economic growth …