of low-carbon energy innovation. These include both improvements in physical capital, such as smart grids to aid … document recent trends in energy innovation and discuss the lessons learnt for policy. We then discuss the potential role for … complementary innovation in both physical capital--using smart grids as an example of how policy can help--and human capital, where …

, along with a more complex set of innovation incentives. This chapter presents background on medical device regulation … adverse events and recalls), and concludes with a discussion of the implications of regulation for innovation incentives in …

clinical trial design complexity. The results suggest that targeted regulatory innovation can shorten R&D periods without …

, on an employment-weighted basis, is U-shaped in firm age. Common uses of AI include marketing automation, virtual agents … reductions in employment due to AI use. Many firms undergo organizational changes to accommodate AI, particularly by training … higher incidence of employment expansion compared to other businesses. The most common reason for non-adoption is the …

Drawing insights from the field of innovation economics, we discuss the likely competitive environment shaping … stifling broad sectoral innovation. We conclude with speculations regarding how this oligopolistic future might be averted …