detailed data on inventors contained in patents, and harness it for economic research. Patent data has long been used in … "John Smith" problem). Given that there are over 2 million patents with 2 inventors per patent on average, the "who is who …-inventors, etc. Forty percent of them have more than one patent, and 70,000 have more than 10 patents. We can trace those multiple …

market value of hardware firms both before and after the legal changes, it is less clear that the marginal patent right per …

combines plant-level data on U.S. coal-fired electric power plants with patent data pertaining to NOx pollution control …

assess the relative importance of various alternative hypotheses in explaining the growth in patent citations to science. Our … patent-to-paper citation activity within what we call the "bio nexus" suggests that much of the contribution of knowledge …

and as a patent. Such patent-paper pairs are at the heart of our empirical strategy. We exploit the fact that patents are … knowledge associated with a patent paper pair therefore diffuses within two distinct intellectual property environments -- one …-indifferences estimator for 169 patent-paper pairs (and including a control group of publications from the same journal for which no patent is …

This paper uses patent citation data to study flows of knowledge across time and across institutions in the field of … of the accumulated knowledge available to inventors. Patent citations are used to represent this quality. This paper …