find that cities with higher levels of mortality during the Great Influenza of 1918-1919 subsequently expanded hospital … capacity by more than cities experiencing less influenza mortality: cities in the top half of the mortality distribution …

We examine mortality differences between Americans with and without a four-year college degree over the period 1992 to … 2021. From 1992 to 2010, both groups saw falling mortality, but with greater improvements for the more educated; from 2010 … to 2019, mortality fell for those with a BA and rose for those without; from 2019 to 2021, mortality rose for both groups …

Does the intellectual endowment of children affect parents' fertility choices? The quantity-quality model of fertility … estimate the effect of her birth on further fertility. We find that the birth of a gifted child increases family size. However … endowment as an important factor in determining fertility choices …

spike in mortality and its equally rapid decline three months later. We conclude that the fear and uncertainty in the early …

The causal effects of fertility are a central focus in the social sciences, but the analysis is challenged by the … endogeneity of fertility choices. Earlier work has proposed several "natural experiments" from twin births or gender composition … rare (twins) and weak (gender composition) instrumental variables for fertility. This paper proposes a new "natural …

accumulated for retirement. This paper addresses three important adjustments channels to dampen these detrimental effects of … ageing: investing abroad, endogenous human capital formation and increasing the retirement age. Although non of these … retirement age has strong effects. Under these adjustments maximum welfare losses of demographic change for households alive in …

undeveloped steady stare with little human capital, low rates of return on human capital investments and high fertility, and a … developed steady stats with higher rates of return a large, and, perhaps, growing stock of human capital and low fertility …

developing countries. This paper presents a theoretical model which integrates micro-level decision making about fertility and …

failure that may lead to inefficiently low equilibrium fertility and therefore to a need for government intervention. The …) model with fertility choice and altruism, and model ownership by introducing a minimum constraint on transfers from parents … transfer floor is binding, fertility choices are inefficient. We show how this inefficiency relates to dynamic inefficiency in …