costs, where the future terms of trade are random. Allowing time dependent transportation costs adds a dimension of … in countries characterized by low terms of trade volatility and low financing costs. In these circumstances, imports are … pre-bought, and the spot market for imports is inactive. In countries where the financing costs and the terms of trade …

's opportunities to expand or contract are limited. Specifically consider costs of investing or disinvesting that vary with time, or …

costs and quantities. Unfortunately, neither in ordinary language nor in the jargon of moral philosophy can such ultimate … desiderata as liberty and justice be related to costs or quantities. Hence in the first section we sketch a model of social …

and concentration and recovers shocks to entry costs. We validate our approach by showing that the model-implied entry … shocks correlate with independently constructed measures of entry regulation and M&A activities. We conclude that entry costs …

The termination of a representative financial firm due to excessive leverage may lead to substantial bankruptcy costs … liquidation and the associated deadweight costs. It is shown that the optimal taxation policy to finance such transfers exhibits …

We propose a theory of task trade between countries that have similar relative factor endowments but may differ in size … be performed at home or abroad, but offshoring entails costs that vary by task. In equilibrium, the tasks with the … highest offshoring costs may not be traded. Among the remainder, those with the relatively higher offshoring costs are …