data on development spending in Iraq, we show that violence reducing effects of aid are greater when (a) projects are small …

war with Iraq …This paper measures the effects of the risk of war on nine U.S. financial variables using a heteroskedasticity …-based estimation technique. The results indicate that increases in the risk of war cause declines in Treasury yields and equity prices …

We analyze financial market data in order to produce an ex-ante assessment of the economic consequences of war with … Iraq. The novel feature of our analysis derives from the existence of a market for Saddam Securities,' a new future traded …'s price provides a plausible estimate of the probability of war. The spot oil price has moved closely with the Saddam Security …

powers, the government was able to fund the war by borrowing and levying taxes. In major wars, however, there came a point …

As of this writing, the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan are in their eighth and tenth years, having accrued nearly a … the implications of the war costs themselves. Besides the unanticipated length and breadth of the military conflicts …. The forecasts we have of such costs imply high levels of public spending per veteran and very high levels of costs …

insurgent attacks in areas with higher and lower access to information about U.S news after public statements critical of the … war. We find that in periods after a spike in war-critical statements, insurgent attacks increases by 7-10 percent, but … fewer deaths overall. These results suggest that there is a small but measurable cost to open public debate in the form of …

We consider three questions related to the choice between war in Iraq and a continuation of the pre-war containment …According to our analysis, pre-invasion views about the likely course of the Iraq intervention imply present value … security analysts. Our analysis also indicates that war and forcible regime change will yield large improvements in the …

This paper attempts to provide a more complete reckoning of the costs of the Iraq War, using standard economic and … accounting/ budgetary frameworks. As of December 30, 2005, total spending for combat and support operations in Iraq is $251bn … underestimate the War's true costs. We estimate a range of present and future costs, by including expenditures not in the $500bn CBO …

The French Opposition to the war in Iraq in early 2003, prompted calls for a boycott of French wine in the US. We …

Much has been written about the national-security aspects of a potential conflict with Iraq, but there are no studies …