infants. Exposure to the beltway sniper attacks during pregnancy increased the likelihood of very low birthweight and very …

maternal pregnancy health is larger for black than for white mothers, suggesting that projected increases in extreme heat over … heat increases the risk of maternal hospitalization during pregnancy for potentially life-threatening causes. We find that …

effect of teen childbearing. Despite this, there are still reasons to believe that children of teen mothers may do worse as … their mothers may be less mature, have fewer financial resources when the child is young, and may partner with fathers of … children born to the youngest teen mothers. Unlike previous research, we have information on fathers and find that negative …

-2006, we find prenatal exposure to Ramadan among Arab mothers results in lower birthweight and reduced gestation length …, suggesting that avoiding Ramadan exposure during pregnancy is costly or the long-term effects of fasting unknown …

large sample size, our work offers three important innovations: First, because we know the exact addresses of mothers, we … select those mothers closest to air monitors to ensure a more accurate measure of air quality. Second, since we follow … mothers over time, we control for unobserved characteristics of mothers using maternal fixed effects. Third, we examine …

construct more relevant control groups for teenage mothers. We find evidence that teenage childbearing likely reduces the …