permanent sources of American advantage over Europe and Japan, most notably the mixed system of government- and privately …

We review the evidence that artificial intelligence (AI) is having a large effect on the economy. Across a variety of …

growth varies considerably over time and across the four countries, and it is always less important, except in Japan, than … Japan (30%), while TFP levels are very close in France, the United Kingdom and the United States, but much lower (40%) in … Japan …

Japan's zaibatsu, or pyramidal business groups, provided this coordination after the Meiji government failed at the task. We … that unique historical circumstances aided their success in prewar Japan. Specifically, Japan uniquely marginalized its …

This paper studies the evolution of income concentration in Japan from 1886 to 2002 by constructing long-run series of … despite the high economic growth; and (4) top income composition in Japan has shifted dramatically from capital income to … Japan have remained remarkably stable over the recent decades. We show that the change in technology or tax policies alone …

(1700-1850), the United States (1790-1850), and Japan (1880-1913) suggests that the emergence of financial instruments …