As of this writing, the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan are in their eighth and tenth years, having accrued nearly a … the implications of the war costs themselves. Besides the unanticipated length and breadth of the military conflicts … motivations associated with war cost forecasts by comparing them with other types of aggregate forecasts, which are prone to …

We consider three questions related to the choice between war in Iraq and a continuation of the pre-war containment …According to our analysis, pre-invasion views about the likely course of the Iraq intervention imply present value … security analysts. Our analysis also indicates that war and forcible regime change will yield large improvements in the …

This paper attempts to provide a more complete reckoning of the costs of the Iraq War, using standard economic and … accounting/ budgetary frameworks. As of December 30, 2005, total spending for combat and support operations in Iraq is $251bn … underestimate the War's true costs. We estimate a range of present and future costs, by including expenditures not in the $500bn CBO …

The French Opposition to the war in Iraq in early 2003, prompted calls for a boycott of French wine in the US. We … may provoke a boycott which hurts their profits. We also find that neither political preferences or media attention are …

war with Iraq …This paper measures the effects of the risk of war on nine U.S. financial variables using a heteroskedasticity …-based estimation technique. The results indicate that increases in the risk of war cause declines in Treasury yields and equity prices …

We analyze financial market data in order to produce an ex-ante assessment of the economic consequences of war with … Iraq. The novel feature of our analysis derives from the existence of a market for Saddam Securities,' a new future traded …'s price provides a plausible estimate of the probability of war. The spot oil price has moved closely with the Saddam Security …

Much has been written about the national-security aspects of a potential conflict with Iraq, but there are no studies …

powers, the government was able to fund the war by borrowing and levying taxes. In major wars, however, there came a point …

segments of the population through a range of mechanisms. We study the effects of civilian casualties in Iraq and Afghanistan …, information, and capacity mechanisms. Critically, we find no evidence of a similar reaction to civilian casualties in Iraq …

test that prediction in Afghanistan, Iraq and the Philippines, using survey data on unemployment and two newly …