supervisory/regulatory policies on bank valuations. Except in a few countries with very strong shareholder protection laws, banks … cash flow rights mitigate the adverse effects of weak shareholder protection laws on bank valuations. These results are …

representatives on corporate boards. If a banking relationship is a substitute for the stock market, then interaction with a bank … monopolistic control over access to external capital markets, then bank interests may conflict with those of other equityholders … structure of the firms' equity. We test for conflicts-of-interest in bank behavior and ask whether the relationship between …

supporting the shareholder-as-customer model. Bank values responded positively to the presence of large-block individual … concerned with dividend returns than access). Moreover, firm value declined as directors consumed larger fractions of a bank …'s loans, which reduced the bank's ability to extend credit to other shareholders …

. Second, did diffuse ownership systematically alter bank risk taking? It did. Banks with less concentrated ownership followed …

increases a bank's likelihood of providing a loan. Companies may benefit from these relationships through more favorable loan …

estimate only moderate effects on the financial sector: the share of Non Performing Loans on bank balance sheets would increase …