motives to patent indicate that firms patent for reasons that often extend beyond directly profiting from a patented … motives for patenting include the prevention of rivals from patenting related inventions (i.e., patent blocking'), the use of … patents in negotiations and the prevention of suits. We find that firms commonly patent for different reasons in discrete …

This paper surveys the major changes in patent policy and practice that have occurred in the last two decades in the U … effects of changes in patent policy. Despite the significance of the policy changes and the wide availability of detailed data … patent policy are few. Possible reasons for these limited results are discussed, and possible avenues for future research are …

technological knowledge. Relying on evidence compiled from patent records, we argue that the evolution of a market for technology … trade in patent rights was closely associated with increases in specialization at invention, as well as advances in rates of … invention more generally. The patent system is often celebrated for the stimulus to invention provided by granting limited …

patent histories and R&D expenditures, after controlling for other firm-specific variables including size and likelihood of …

strengthening of US patent rights in the early 1980s. Yet the propensity of semiconductor firms to patent has risen dramatically … markets, while spawning patent portfolio races' among capital-intensive firms …

between highly similar patents, and patent applications are less likely to be abandoned post-AIPA, suggesting a reduction in … duplicative R&D. Firms exposed to one standard deviation longer patent grant delays increased their R&D investment by 4% after …

, off-patent and generic drug prices are at least four times higher in the United States than in comparable English …-speaking high income countries. With five or more competitors, off-patent drug prices are similar or lower. Our analysis shows that …

We construct new technology indicators using textual analysis of patent documents and occupation task descriptions that …