This paper analyzes the short-run trade effects of retaliatory tariffs against agriculture and food exports from the … United States. The results indicate that these tariffs caused a substantial decline in U.S. agriculture and food exports and …

decline in import growth. We then construct measures of export exposure to import tariffs by linking tariffs paid by importing …

Were high import tariffs somehow related to the strong U.S. economic growth during the late nineteenth century? This … paper examines this frequently mentioned but controversial question and investigates the channels by which tariffs could … expansion and capital accumulation than on productivity growth; (ii) tariffs may have discouraged capital accumulation by …

After the Civil War, Congress justified high import tariffs (relative to their prewar levels)" as necessary in order to …" proposed a tariff reduction to reduce customs revenue, the Republicans offered higher tariffs to" reduce imports and customs …

) with foreign countries. The resulting trade agreements reduced U.S. tariffs and culminated in the General Agreement on … Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in 1947. Was the Great Depression responsible for bringing about this fundamental shift in U.S. trade …

Uniform tariffs have become increasingly popular in recent years, yet their economic rationale is not strong. We … regime than under a regime in which tariffs are allowed to differ. Second, an input-price effect may dampen the enthusiasm of …