paper empirically examines one such institution: the patent pool. The analysis highlights five findings consistent with the … overlapping patent holdings; and (e) during the most recent era, when an intense awareness of antitrust concerns precluded many … competition-harming patent pools, more important patents were selected for pools and patents selected for pools were subsequently …

We model early expectations about the value and technological importance ('quality') of a patented innovation as a … latent variable common to a set of four indicators: the number of patent claims, forward citations, backward citations and … important. Our measure of quality is significantly related to subsequent decisions to renew a patent and to litigate …

This paper surveys the major changes in patent policy and practice that have occurred in the last two decades in the U … effects of changes in patent policy. Despite the significance of the policy changes and the wide availability of detailed data … relating to patenting, robust conclusions regarding the empirical consequences for technological innovation of changes in …

fertility of an innovation in generating more innovations cannot be observed. The menu of patent scope can be implemented with …It may be advantageous to provide a variety of kinds of patent protection to heterogenous innovations. Innovations … protection in order to be encouraged. We model the problem of designing an optimal patent menu (scope and length) when the …

Does an expansion of patent scope induce more innovative effort by firms? This article provides evidence on this … question by examining firm responses to the Japanese patent reforms of 1988. Interviews with practitioners suggest the reforms … significantly expanded the scope of patent rights in Japan, but that the average response in terms of additional R&D effort and …

the israeli economy in the nineties and beyond. In this paper we present a close-up portrait of innovation in Israel for … the past 30 years, with the aid of highly detailed patent data. We use for that purpose all israeli patents taken in the …

briefly presented. Then the empirical literature that relates Tobin's q or the market to book value ratio to R&D and patent … value of the modern manufacturing corporation is strongly related to its knowledge assets, and that patent measures contain …

anecdotal. This paper provides direct quantitative evidence showing that how innovation and design work was done changed … fundamentally during the Industrial Revolution. This change was characterized by the professionalization of innovation and design …

and production of financial innovation. We use machine learning to identify the financial patents and extensively audit … the results to ensure their reasonableness. We find that patented financial innovation is substantial and economically … financial sector, which collectively accounted for 69% of the awards. The location of innovation has shifted, with banks moving …

This paper proposes a new measure of technological obsolescence using detailed patent data. Using this measure, we …, and reallocation of capital. This finding applies mainly for obsolescence of core innovation and embodied innovation, and … profits of obsolescent firms. The measure contains incremental information about firm innovation relative to measures focusing …