All of the attempts to end the euro crisis and to return the Eurozone countries to healthy growth rates of income and … by the individual Eurozone countries. I describe some of these fiscal options after reviewing the history of failed …

We provide a comprehensive account of the dynamics of eurozone countries from 2000 to 2012. We analyze private leverage … government spending, and sudden stops. We then ask how eurozone countries would have fared with different policies. We find that …

for the interconnectedness of sovereign debt in Europe …

In 2007, countries in the euro periphery were enjoying stable growth, low deficits, and low spreads. Then the financial … crisis erupted and pushed them into deep recessions, raising their deficits and debt levels. By 2010, they were facing severe … debt problems. Spreads increased and, surprisingly, so did the share of the debt held by domestic creditors. Credit was …

institutions. The euro has operated as a currency without a state, under the dominance of Germany. This has so far allowed the euro … responsibility for the euro's future. Germany's resilience and dominant size within the EU may explain its "muddling …This paper looks at the short history of the Eurozone through the lens of an evolutionary approach to forming new …

analyze the geography of international debt flows using multiple data sources and provide evidence that after the euro … but also spilled over beyond the euro area. Lower interest rates allowed peripheral countries to run bigger deficits … euro area …

resulted in severe debt crises in several European countries in 2010 and 2011. Events revealed that the European Union had … insufficient means to halt the spiral of European debt crisis. In particular, no pan-European fiscal mechanism to face a global … history of five federal states; Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Germany and the United States …