education, and economic development. Firms in remote locations pay greater trade costs on both exports and intermediate imports … trade costs, more pervasive input-output linkages, or stronger increasing returns to scale, we show theoretically that …

We leverage detailed data on vessel movements and shipping contracts to shed new light on world trade costs and trade … exporters and ships. Our framework has two novel features: (i) trade costs are endogenous and determined jointly with trade … costs provide a novel link to understand trade patterns and we showcase this by considering the impact of (i) an improvement …

designed to attract firms to particular regions (place-based policies). I first propose a theory of the distribution of …

productivity and the other decreasing transportation costs, and in which agglomeration economies lead to persistence in urban … when transport costs were still relatively high, so urban agglomerations were localized in agricultural regions. When … transport costs fell, these local agglomerations persisted. In late developing countries, transport costs fell well before …